Impact of Equity Market Regulations in Europe and the Nordic Region

2025 | Research

Download as PDF Introduction Efficient and transparent equity markets remain vital to the health of modern economies— facilitating capital formation, enabling investor participation, and supporting innovation and economic growth. To ensure these markets function...

Empirical Study on the Impact of U.S. Listings of Chinese Firms

2025 | Research

Download as PDF Introduction Over the past twenty-five years, U.S. stock exchanges have been an important destination for Chinese companies raising capital through public equity markets, but the landscape has shifted dramatically in recent years as geopolitical and...

Annual Report

2025 | Annual Report

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Data Localization, Cloud Adoption, and the Financial Sector

2024 | Research

Download as PDF Download in Portuguese Download in Spanish EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In an increasingly interconnected world, the ability of financial institutions to move data across borders is critical to their success and ability to serve their customers. Yet, a grow-ing...

Territorial Settlements: A Survey of Scholarly Literature and History

2024 | Research

Download as PDF Executive Summary This report addresses key issues that will be confronted in any negotiation to end the war in Ukraine. It provides an overview of the scholarly literature on territorial settlements following conflict. While interstate war for...